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Test Scenarios vs. Test Cases: Understanding the Basics

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What Are Test Scenarios Test scenarios represent high-level ideas or conditions that need to be validated to ensure the application works as expected. They provide a broader perspective and are typically used during the test planning phase. Purpose: To capture the "what to test" without going into granular details. Example of a Test Scenario: Verify that a user can successfully log in to the application using valid credentials. Verify the behavior of the login page when invalid credentials are entered. Verify the application behavior when the login button is clicked without entering any credentials. What Are Test Cases Test cases are detailed documents that define the specific steps to execute a test. They cover inputs, execution steps, expected results, and actual outcomes. Purpose: To guide the tester step-by-step on "how to test." Example of a Test Case (for the first scenario): Test Case ID TC_01_Login_Valid_Credentials Test Scenario Verify user login with val...
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Selenium Overview

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 Introduction:
Selenium is a free tool for automating web application testing. It works with major browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge, and can be used on different operating systems. Selenium can be combined with testing frameworks like TestNG or JUnit, making it a flexible and widely-used option for automated testing.

The key elements of Selenium include:
Selenium WebDriver: Selenium WebDriver is a tool that lets you control a web browser automatically using code.

Selenium IDE (Integrated Development Environment): Selenium IDE is a browser tool that records your clicks and actions to create test scripts without writing any code and Selenium IDE is used for bug reproduction scripts and website exploration. 

Selenium Grid: A tool that lets you run tests on different computers and browsers simultaneously.

Selenium RC (Remote Control): Selenium RC is an old tool that uses automated web browsers using JavaScript, but it’s now mostly replaced by Selenium WebDriver.

Selenium WebDriver: Selenium WebDriver is a tool that lets you control a web browser automatically using code.

Key Features:
✓ Supports multiple browsers like Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.
✓ Works with various programming languages including Java, Python, and C#.
✓ Provides a simple API for interacting with web elements.
✓ Enables parallel test execution, speeding up testing processes

Use Cases:
✓ Automating repetitive tasks on websites.
✓ Performing regression testing to ensure existing features work after changes.
✓ Conducting cross-browser testing to verify functionality across different browsers.

Difference Between WebDriver vs Selenium RC 
WebDriver:
-WebDriver Directly communicates with the browser.
-Faster due to direct interaction with the browser.
-Easier to use with a simplified API.
-Supports most modern browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Safari, etc.
-Can handle modern elements like pop-ups, alerts, and dynamic content.
-Requires only WebDriver executable and browser setup.
-Suitable for modern web application testing.

Selenium RC:
-Requires an intermediary server to interact with the browser.
-Slower because it relies on an external server.
-More complex setup, requires starting and stopping the server manually.
-Limited browser support, mostly outdated.
-Limited support for handling dynamic or modern web elements.
-Requires both the Selenium server and client-side libraries.
-Mainly used for older applications; now considered legacy.

What is Selenium: Selenium is a tool for automating web browsers, helping you test and check that websites work correctly by simulating how a user would interact with them.

Way Selenium
✓ Free: It’s open-source and doesn’t cost anything.
✓ Works with Multiple Browsers: It supports all major web browsers.
✓ Flexible: You can use it with different programming languages.
✓ Automates Testing: It helps test websites automatically to ensure they work correctly.
✓ Integrates Well: It can connect with other tools for continuous testing and development.

Advantages of Selenium:
✓Works with many browsers (Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.)
✓Supports various programming languages like Java, Python, and C#.
✓Is free and open-source.
✓Selenium integrates easily with testing frameworks like JUnit, TestNG, and frameworks for CI/CD like Jenkins
✓ Has strong community support
✓Supports various operating systems(Windows, Mac, and Linux)

Disadvantages of Selenium:
✓Selenium does not provide built-in reporting. Users need third-party tools like TestNG, JUnit, or other reporting libraries.
✓Test scripts may require regular updates when the web application changes, increasing maintenance effort.
✓Requires programming knowledge Testers need to have strong programming skills to write and maintain automated test scripts effectively.
✓Browser dependency selenium WebDriver is dependent on the browser and its compatibility with the latest updates can sometimes cause issues.

Supported Languages, Platforms, and Browsers Languages: Java, Python, C#, and more.

Cross-Browser Testing: Selenium works with almost any browser, so if you need to cover Firefox, Chrome, Safari, and more, Selenium has you covered.

Parallel Testing: With Selenium Grid, you can run tests simultaneously across different browsers, speeding up test execution.

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